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Step 01
Learn the four kinds of off-site, and which one this site is about
Most confusion in this sector starts with the word 'modular'. Volumetric, panelised, hybrid and component construction are different businesses with different factories, trucks and economics. Settle the vocabulary before anything else.
- Pillar 04 · Inside the factory — 'Four kinds of off-site' and 'The road sets the dimensions'
- Glossary — Methods & categories section
- UK MMC definition framework (seven categories)
You should now be able to answerWhat is the difference between a volumetric module and a panelised system, and why does a module's width top out around fifteen feet? -
Step 02
Size the market — and attach provenance to every number
You will hear figures from $20 billion to $229 billion. Learn which is which, what each counts, and why the North American share figure (about five percent) matters more than any dollar amount.
- Pillar 01 · Market size & adoption
- MBI Industry Analysis — the $20.5B / 6.5% CAGR release (July 2026) — the number everyone quotes; read the release, note what it doesn't disclose
- McKinsey, Modular construction: From projects to products (2019) — the strategic frame; find the 'exception, not the norm' sentence
DoWrite down three market figures you have seen, each with its source and what it counts. If you cannot say what one counts, that is the finding.You should now be able to answerWhy do global modular forecasts differ by a factor of two, and what share of US construction activity is modular according to MBI/FMI? -
Step 03
Separate the schedule claim from the cost claim
'20–50% faster' and 'up to 20% cheaper' are quoted as a pair. They rest on different evidence. This distinction is the single most useful analytical habit you can build in this industry.
- Pillar 02 · Cost & schedule economics
- Terner Center testimony to the California Select Committee on Housing Construction Innovation (2026)
You should now be able to answerWhich of the two headline claims is robust across projects, which is conditional, and on what three conditions? -
Step 04
Understand who approves a factory-built building, and why that doesn't travel
The standards exist (ICC/MBI 1200-series in the US, CSA A277 in Canada). Acceptance of them stops at every state and provincial border. This is the industry's least-discussed cost.
- Pillar 03 · Codes, permitting & standards
- Reciprocity Tracker — skim the US table, read the Texas and California rows
- CHBA — Code compliance for modular construction (which provinces mandate A277)
You should now be able to answerWhat is the difference between a HUD-code manufactured home and a modular building, and how many US states have adopted ICC/MBI 1200/1205 as of 2026? -
Step 05
Read the failures before the successes
Showcase projects and well-funded startups are where the industry has stumbled most. The reliable wins share a pattern. Learn to recognise both before you read another press release.
- Pillar 05 · Case studies: wins & failures
- Toronto Auditor General — Modular Housing Initiative report (2023) — read the executive summary; note where the delays happened
DoTake any modular project announcement from this month's trade press. Classify it: repeatable typology with a committed client, or a first-of-its-kind? Note your prediction and check back in a year.You should now be able to answerWhat do BC's temporary modular housing, Singapore's Clement Canopy and Hong Kong's MiC programme have in common that 461 Dean Street and Katerra lacked? -
Step 06
Learn the honest sustainability case
'Up to 90% less waste' is well supported. 'Lower carbon' is conditional and, for steel high-rises, sometimes wrong upfront. Regulators are starting to require the maths.
- Pillar 06 · Sustainability & embodied carbon
- City of Vancouver — embodied carbon requirements, Building By-law 2025 (PDF)
You should now be able to answerWhich modular sustainability claim would you defend to a sceptical engineer, and which would you qualify — and how? -
Step 07
Meet the sources, including the one you are reading
You now know enough to evaluate who is telling you what. The Landscape page rates each source by what it is for and what it will not tell you. Read it last so you can disagree with it.
- The Landscape — who to read on modular
- Pillar 07 · Reading the trade body
- About & method — how we source, and our corrections policy
You should now be able to answerName three things the Modular Building Institute does better than anyone, and three questions its structure prevents it from asking.
Check yourself
If you can answer these without looking, you have finished the trail. If not, the step number tells you where to go back.
- Define volumetric modular in two sentences without using the word 'prefab'.
- Quote the US permanent modular market size and share with the source and year attached.
- Explain why a single modular project should be justified on schedule rather than cost.
- Name the two US states that have adopted ICC/MBI 1200/1205 and the three Canadian jurisdictions that mandate CSA A277.
- Give one public-programme success and one showcase failure, and the decisive factor in each.
- State the strongest and weakest sustainability claims and the evidence behind each.
- Say what you would check before repeating a figure from a trade-body press release.